Marriott International

History Marriott International was established in 1927 by Willard Marriot and his bride, Alice. The two started by putting a beer stand in Washington D.C. The beer stand could only accommodate nine people at the start of its operations. It was named â€Å"Hot Shoppe† where they prepared hot food substances like tacos, tamales and chili.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marriott International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These food items were mainly served to clients during the period of winter months. In 1929, Marriott International was officially incorporated as Hot Shoppes, inc. It experienced fast growth. In 1953, the company was listed as a public company. It laid its competitive advantage in world markets on product diversification (Hoover 2002). The company opened Twin Bridges Marriott located in Arlington, Virginia; this was the first hotel opened by the company. With its fast growing pace, Twin Bridges Marriott went international in 1966; this happened after the company took over the running of an airline catering kitchen in Venezuela. It later changed name to Marriott Corporation in 1967. The company later engaged in series of takeovers which enabled it to grow into a billion dollar corporation. In the year 1998, Marriott International was listed in the stock market as an independent public company after which it started to focus its attention on business and leisure lodging. To ensure success in such a new venture, the company sold its superior living facilities in 2002. Marriott International continues to diversify its operations. Nonetheless, leadership of Marriott International started with the two founders, Marriot and Alice. Today, the company’s top management entails six executives operating at senior level; it has also thirty six corporate officers (Hoover 2002). Vision and Mission of Marriott International Company The vision of the Marriott International Company is to be the leader in the global lodging industry; it aspires to be the world leader in providing excellent services in the hospitality industry. In order to achieve this vision, the company strives to provide the best services in the world within the hotel and lodging industry. The mission statement of the company affirms that company’s commitment in being the best and provider of excellent lodging and food services. It achieves this by treating its workers in the best way ever so that they can offer extra-ordinary services to the company’s customers (Brotherton and Wood, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Competition The hotel is exceedingly disjointed. The competition is mainly based on the quality of the available rooms, service provision among others. Other factors that determine competition level include the presence of global distribution s ystem, prices charged on various products and facilities and any other innovation that may come into the industry. It is important to note that Marriott International already operates in sixty eight nation of the world. This makes it possible for the company to offer its services to a large number of customers across the globe. However, it must be acknowledged that the company faces stiff competition from similar companies operating in the same industry both locally and abroad. Many of the company’s competitors are already spread across eight or more countries. This means that the competitors are enjoying a wider customer base than Marriott International. The main competitors to Marriott International include: Starwood Hotels: this group of hotels provides similar services to clients. The hotel already has 297 hotels in Europe alone. Besides, it operates in countries found in the American continent, Middle East and parts of Africa. It is therefore evident that the Starwood Ho tels get more revenues than the Marriott International due to its large base of operation spread across the continent (Abrahams 2007). Choice Hotels International: this is a group of hotels with international franchises totaling right over five thousand hotels. These franchises operate under different brands such as Comfort Inn, Sleep Inn and Cambria Suite amongst others. This company is also bigger than the Marriott International and definitely enjoys higher level of revenues than Marriott International. Intercontinental Hotels: this is deemed the largest hotel in the world judging by the number of rooms it has. It operates in more than a hundred countries across the world. This therefore implies that it is the largest competitor to the Marriott International (Yu 1999). Strategies used by Marriott International â€Å" Marriott International has put in place sales structure that will ensure it remains top in the provision of hotel products in the industry. The sales initiative is c ustomer-centered and it aims at making sales simply, effective and efficient; this also helps the company to establish its roots deeper into the untapped market segments.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marriott International specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The strategy enables the customers to operate at one principal contact where he or she can get all product brands. In this way, the Marriott International has managed to meet all the customer needs within a centralized point of purchase. Beside, Marriott International relies on research to establish real customer needs. The company realized the rising level of complexity and number of channels through which customers in the industry secure rooms and accommodation or meetings; to solve these challenges, the Marriott International have come up with ways, through research, to improve the efficiency of its services to customers. It is important to note that the company does research by involving those who are either directly or indirectly in contact with customers or clients. This includes interviewing sales leaders who have one-on-one engagement with clients, travel managers, meeting planners and sales associates. Moreover, the research is undertaken both internally and externally (Reid and Bojanic, 2009). The Marriott International also uses the strategy of evaluating its strengths and weaknesses. This is by obtaining data from various facets of the company and doing accurate evaluation. As a result of both internal and external research the company has established more clear roles for its employees and staff members so that customers get specific services and or assistances from specific company employees or staff members. Furthermore, Marriott International has come up with strategic idea of establishing regional sales offices to offer more effective services to its customers by organizing individual accounts. Internal audit and exter nal audits Businesses are affected by both internal and external factors; the effect is either negative or positive. Internal factors are factors that a business can control while external factors are factors beyond the control of a single business. Internal audits To gather as much information as possible, the management undertakes the process with as many competent employees as possible. It should also analyze both published and unpublished data which will assist it in appreciating the need the prevailing conditions. The following process is followed;Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gathering of information Testing data validity Interpolating and analyzing information gotten Making strategic decision based on the information gotten The following are some of the parameters found by internal audits; The company has a pool of experienced human resource who is employed on a track record. It has employed a high level of technology in all its processes where it ensures that efficiency is facilitated. Corporate customers require fast and effective services since they are busy; to attain this company has embarked on an efficient technology. Financial Ratio Analysis Ratio Status Gross Profit Margin 17.2% EBIT Margin -1.4% EBITDA Margin 11.3% Pre-Tax Profit Margin -2.6% Current Ratio 1.3 Quick Ratio 0.5 Leverage Ratio 8.2 Receivables Turnover 13.0 Inventory Turnover 5.5 Asset Turnover 1.3 Revenue to Assets 1.3 Return on Invested Capital -5.8% Return on Assets -2.8% Debt/Common Equity Ratio 2.93 Price/Book Ratio (Price/Equity) 10.70 Bo ok Value per Share $2.95 Total Debt/ Equity 3.06 Long-Term Debt to Total Capital 0.75 SGA as % of Revenue 5.9% RD as % of Revenue 0.0% Receivables per Day Sales $29.49 Days CGS in Inventory 66 Working Capital per Share $1.95 Cash per Share $0.33 Cash Flow per Share $-0.17 Free Cash Flow per Share $-1.73 Tangible Book Value per Share $-1.53 Price/Cash Flow Ratio -190.7 Price/Free Cash Flow Ratio 18.4 Price/Tangible Book Ratio -20.88 Internal factor evaluation matrix Internal factor evaluation matrix is a strategic management instrument used in auditing major strengths weaknesses of a company in major operational areas of a business entity. This instrument also provides away of linking the operations areas. Internal strengths Weight Rating Weighted score Largest product provider in the industry 5% 3 0.15 Supplies main airline customers 15% 2 0.30 Good image and reputation 5% 3 0.15 Easily accessible by customers 10% 3 0.30 Strength of manage ment team 6% 4 0.24 Account of limited customer complaints 4% 3 0.12 Rising cash flow 4% 1 0.04 Loyalty of employees and staff 4% 3 0.12 Financial ratios 5% 4 0.20 Internal weaknesses Flooded market 10% 1 0.10 diminutive diversification 8% 2 0.16 Sensitive to raw material prices 15% 2 0.30 Nonexistence f strategic partner 4% 1 0.04 Limited access to global market 5% 1 0.04 Total 100% 2.26 1-major weakness 2-Minor weakness 3-minor strength 4-major strength External Audit CPM-Competitive Matrix Competitive Matrix for the Marriott Company is an array of major competitors of the company. An external audit addresses five area, they are; Economic factors Social and cultural factors Political/governmental structures Technology and innovations and Competitive forces The world is experiencing a rapid technological change; this is brought about by the use of computers in different sectors of a business. Marriot has benefited from the changes; for example the compan y has a website where a customer can log in and communicate directly to the company. These services are available for 24 hours in seven days. In line with the same, the company has embraced computerized marketing and advertisement where it sells its products all over the world through the internet. Internal processes are also facilitated†¦ The model of management has changed with increased enlightened people; customers are continuously demanding for better treatments form companies in the way they are served and the production processes involved. Currently social corporate responsibility management, ethical business products and customer care services have taken center stage. The company has embarked on corporate social responsibilities, it practices in environmental management exercises like tree planting, engage in clean technology among others. In the times of global financial crisis, the government of United States is increasingly adopting laws and regulation aimed at ensur ing that business are conducted effectively, standards have been reviewed and compliance with the treads is important. Factors Marriott International Accor Hilton Hotels Intercontinental Hotels Low product prices 5 3 3 2 Superior quality 3 4 4 4 Flexible products 5 3 3 3 exclusive features 5 2 2 3 Timely product delivery 4 5 4 5 Total 22 17 16 17 External Factor Evaluation Matrix Opportunities Weight Rating Weighted score Industry consolidation 10% 4 0.04 Increased in clients 12% 3 0.36 Expansion opportunities 13% 4 0.52 Reduced operation cost 10% 3 0.30 Asset acquisition 14% 4 0.64 Threats Waning margins 10% 1 0.10 Government supervision 5% 3 0.15 Rising prices of crucial input 6% 2 0.16 Taxes and tariffs 10% 2 0.10 Economic slump 10% 1 0.01 Total 100% 2.38 1-poor 2-below average 3-superior 4-very superior SWOT Analysis for Marriott International Company Marriott International SWOT analysis (Research and Marketing n.d) Strengths High quality brand within the industry International operations with large customer base Prompt delivery of services to customers Low debt liability and strong financial base Well coordinated management team Weaknesses Weak functional performance Vulnerability to economic slowdown Difficulty in accessing credit market Ineffective cost structure management Fluctuating profit margins Opportunities Expansion to other foreign nations/market More asset acquisitions due to high level of privatization Initiatives for transformations Product diversification Recruitment of highly experienced personnel Threats Economic slowdown due to credit crunch Increase in government taxes Entry of new players in the industry Expansion of competitors Political instability inflations Space matrix The space matrix is an instrument used to determine whether aggressive, defensive, competitive or conservative techniques are appropriate for the company. In this case, SPACE matrix is used to dete rmine the appropriate strategy that the Marriott International should adopt for its growth and development. It helps the company to favorably compete with other companies within the industry. When plotted on an X-Y axis, the statistics appears as follows: For Marriott International, it is important that aggressive strategy be adopted. This owes to the fact that the company lags much behind its competitors. By adopting the aggressive strategy, the company will be seeking to catch up and probably outweigh its major competitors. The strategy will be used in new acquisition of assets which are necessary for the company’s expansion to other foreign countries and other regions where it has the potential of creating more market opportunities. Furthermore, the strategy is very appropriate in terms of attracting more clients. With the large number of operators in the industry and the potential entrance of new players, aggressive strategy is most appropriate in grabbing customers and even establishing loyal clients. Grand strategy matrix Internal (Redirecting resource within the company) retrenching unproductive labor force divesture winding up of the company or liquidation reducing operation costs within the company Overcome weakness doing vertical integration improve on cost structure management strengthen functional performance reduce debt burden Maximize strength ensuring determined growth development of new market establishing innovations development of products attracting more qualified and experienced personnel to improve operations of the company External (acquisition or merger for resource ability) Getting into joint venture with other companies Doing concentric product diversification Pursuing horizontal integration Hiring consultants with varied necessary expertise The Internal-External (IE) Matrix This matrix places the company into a nine cell matrix. For the company, the Internal-External Matrix looks as follows: Quantitative S trategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) for Marriott International Company First alternative-acquire competitor Second alternative-expand internally Key factors Weight Attractive-ness Score Total attractive- ness score weight Attractive-ness Score Total attractive- ness score Strengths Exclusive product 0.11 2 0.22 0.08 1 0.08 Location 0.09 4 0.36 0.06 2 0.12 Employees unique skills 0.15 1 0.15 0.13 4 0.52 Product quality 0.11 4 0.44 0.15 4 0.60 Increased productivity 0.09 0 0.00 0.12 3 0.36 Weaknesses Low quality service to customers 0.10 4 0.04 0.13 3 0.39 Poor sales and marketing 0.15 2 0.30 0.10 1 0.10 Product diversification 0.08 3 0.24 0.17 0 0.00 Pessimistic to globalization 0.12 1 0.12 0.06 1 0.06 Total weight 100% 100% Opportunities New market 0.09 4 0.36 0.12 0 0.00 Acquisition of competitors 0.14 4 0.56 0.08 2 0.16 Joining trade alliances 0.16 0 0.00 0.10 1 0.10 Threats Rising competition 0.08 4 0.32 0.12 1 0.32 Price conflict 0.10 3 0.30 0.14 0 0.00 Competitor dominance 0.18 2 0.36 0.09 1 0.09 Forex (US$) 0.09 0 0.00 0.20 0 0.00 Bad tax policies 0.16 0 0.00 0.15 0 0.00 Total attractiveness score 4.08 2.90 The price of a commodity is an element of total cost plus a profit margin. When a target market has been established, there is need to determine the price affordable to the customers. A marketer should be aware of consumer’s trends and their potential. The social class that the product is targeted will influence the price of the products. Recommendations to Marriot International Company A customer is the backbone of a company; the main decision that a marketing manager should make determining his company’s market segment. One of the ways to enter in the target market is marketing mix. The 4Ps represent Price, product/service, promotion, and place. An effective marketing ensures that goods are available to the target customer, when they need them at and they are affordable. Since the Marriott International Company is fast growing, and with the current challenges it faces, it is important that certain recommendations be proposed. The recommendations should be adopted with the sole reason of advancing the company’s global operations. To achieve this, the following recommendations are important: Performance evaluation: the Board of Directors is the top organ of the company. It is therefore crucial that the performance of the board be evaluated with respect to the company’s goals and objectives. Besides, it will also be important to come up with appropriate instruments to be used in evaluating the performance employees and other junior staff members. This can be done through performance management; Restructure marketing techniques: the company is facing stiff international competition and is likely to lose out in case it remains with the same old marketing strategies; the company should consider drawing new market communication strategies that wil l reposition its products in the market. In addition, the company should re-brand its products through careful and skillful innovation in order to attract new customers. To ensure that the operations of the company are successful, it is important that the company defines its operation principles of internal control. Moreover, the company should also establish ways of monitoring and evaluating the internal controls. The company should establish proper criteria according to which the process of risk management will be taking place. the criteria should be in such a way that potential risks are identified as early as the initial warning signs can be spotted and appropriate actions be taken promptly. Financial strength is one of the most important core businesses of the company. To ensure that the company’s financial resource are well managed and utilize, it is recommended that the company gives a clear description on how the internal audit should function to avoid any form of Fra ud or misappropriation of financial resource It will also be important for the company to enhance the flow of information from the top level to bottom level. The flow of information on crucial and sensitive matters should be effective and efficient. This should utilize the most current communication technology. The strengths and weaknesses of the company should be evaluated on a periodic basis in order to identify potential challenges that can affect the normal operations of the company. It is important to note that new challenges arise and can contribute to the company’s already existing weaknesses. Again, the company is likely to gain more strength areas which, if well utilized, can help enhance the competitive advantage of the company. A definite period should therefore be set to be used in monitoring and evaluating the internal weaknesses and strengths of the company. Analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the company is important since the company will be able to uti lize the available opportunities and cope with threats brought about by the system. Domestic market growth vs. Overseas Expansion of Marriot International The Marriott International Company started as s mall hotel firm in the United States of America; during the following periods, it embarked on aggressive expansion within the local industry. Its growth in the domestic market earned it a lot of revenues that enabled it to start its expansion outside the home market. It expanded its operations to several countries worldwide. The domestic market is getting saturated by new entrants into the industry; this poses threat to the company at local level. However, looking at the international market, there is still great opportunity to access new market segments. This implies that, the company stands a chance to gain more from overseas expansion than domestic market growth. In the process of overseas expansion, the company also stands a great chance of acquiring other companies and new asset s. The most probable candidates for acquisition are the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and Hilton Hotels. The most important thing is that Marriott International should focus on acquiring assets of the most performing companies as this will bolster its financial performance and also increase its presence in the market. The two presented takeover candidates are well positioned to ensure the Marriott International achieves its growth objectives and both domestic and international expansion. Reference List Abrahams, J., 2007, 101 Mission Statements from Top Companies: Plus Guidelines for Writing Your Own Mission Statement, New York, Ten Speed Press. Brotherton, B. and Wood, CR 2008, The SAGE Handbook of Hospitality Management, New York, SAGE Publications Ltd. Hoover, G., 2002, Hoover’s Handbook of American Business 2003, New York, Hoover’s, Incorporated. Reid, DR and Bojanic, CD 2009, Hospitality Marketing Management, New Jersey, John Wiley and Sons. Research And Marketing n. d, Marriott International, Inc., Research and Markets, Ireland. Yu, L., 1999, The international hospitality business: management and operations, New York, Routledge. This report on Marriott International was written and submitted by user Yamileth Flores to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Marriott International

How to Resolve Conflicts and Get the Best Out of Bargaining. Essay Example

How to Resolve Conflicts and Get the Best Out of Bargaining. Essay Example How to Resolve Conflicts and Get the Best Out of Bargaining. Essay How to Resolve Conflicts and Get the Best Out of Bargaining. Essay A A A A A A A A A A A A Howard Raffia s life was really much influenced by the assortment of people he met all throughout his yearss of analyzing. At first he was really interested in the Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, but as he progressed his involvements shifter in a deeper sense. He studied, graduated and taught in the University of Michigan, and after having his doctors degree in 1951 he accepted to learn Statistics in the Department of statistics and Game Theory in the graduate school of Administration in Harvard. A A A A A A A A A A A A He realized that if you wait long plenty, the resistance will bit by bit suggest what you desire, by so it ll be easier to open for dialogues. In his book he talks about the art and scientific discipline of Negotiation. Science in a sense that it is a systematic analysis for job resolution and it is art because it includes interpersonal accomplishments. He believes that there are differences between people in any sort of state of affairs, whether you re married or non, individual, divorced, immature or old, etc. Advancement is achieved by prosecuting persons in a certain state of affairs which increases tenseness and struggle may be a great organizing scheme. This book s chief concern is with the state of affairss in which two or more parties realizes the difference of involvements and the values that exists among them and in which they seek to set down a via media. Carraro, C. , Marchiori, C. , A ; Sgobbi, A. ( 2006 ) . Progresss in Negitiation Theory: Bargaining, Coalitions, and Fairness.Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.A 1-5. Retrieved July 10, 2010 from Social Science Research Network A A A A A A A A A A A A A A With a PH.D. achieved from Princeton University and a teaching calling at the University of Venice, Carlo Carraro is on the top of his game. Aside from those impressive certificates he is besides the Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei s research manager. One of his confederates, Carmen Marchiori Teachs at the London School of Economics. She s really interested in Environmental economic sciences and development, clime alteration, game and dialogue theory. While their 3rd confederate, Alessandra Sgobbi besides achived a PH.D. at the School of Advanced surveies in the Venice Foundation. She s chiefly interested in the integrating of soft and difficult scientific disciplines in the formation of the economy-environment systems, and the survey of the Negotiation procedure. In the country of the natural resources direction and clime alteration formation she teams up with FEEM in assorted undertakings. She s besides an active member of the Coalition Theory Network.A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Bargaining is a natural thing that happens daily. It is one of the major factors in a political and concern sense. The non-cooperative attack used in dialogues is the chief focal point of this paper which is indispensable to the survey of international dialogues. Thus the tactical picks of the parties included in this procedure necessitate to be finely planned out so that we can find the concluding result of the dialogue. In a bargaining state of affairs is when there are certain persons have the possibility of shuting a reciprocally good trade. There will ever be struggle with the assortment of involvements from the participants, and there s a regulation that no understanding is effectual without each of the participants blessing. This Non-cooperative bargaining theory s chief focal point is on the bargaining processs in the effort to find win-win result that will predominate in the absence of intercessions. When multiple participants or parties are involved, there s a great possibility that alliances are formed. In this scenario the traditional bargaining theory may non be represent this because it is believed that there can merely be two possible consequences ; the to the full concerted result and the to the full non-cooperative result. The Non-cooperative alliance theory considers the facet of the dialogue procedure and analyzes the motives which the participants may hold to hold in order to organize alliances and how they can impact the concluding consequence. This survey of the alliance formation is indispensable in dickering contexts where positive external factors are present. While the concerted bargaining theory focuses on the job of how to every bit split the benefits among the negotiating parties. Restriction is that you can non capture the particular inside informations of the bargaining procedure. As for justification the rational participants will take the consequence that will maximise their value, and that the most efficient sol ution will ever be realized irrespective of the procedure used. While the non-cooperative bargaining theory analyzes the exact processs of the bargaining theory in order to happen theoretical anticipations of what understanding will be reached by the participants. In a nut shell this attack seeks to place the chief schemes that may prolong cooperation and the variables that may act upon behaviour such as dickering power, uncomplete information, and power dealingss. A This diary supports the seminal theory because it further analyzes the negotiating processes. It explains how two variables undergo societal interaction in order have balance with the benefits obtained. A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Buelens, M, A ; Mestdagh, S ( 2003 ) . Thinking Back In Where We re Traveling: A Methodological Appraisal of Five Decades of Research in Negotiation Behavior.A Research Methods in Negotiation, 1, 1-6A A A A A A A A A Prof.A Dr. Marc Buelens teaches direction at Ghent University and Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School and a hebdomadal editorialist for Trends . He has written several direction books, with his married woman Ann Vermeiren besides bestsellers on self-care ( Better Ensure Yourself ) and smooth interpersonal relationships ( The EPA-factor ) whileA Steven Mestdagh as a psychologist at the section of direction behaviour of the Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School.A He worked with the realisation of an organisational manual in English.A Themes such as EQ, personality and determination are his favourites, the interlingual rendition of basic penetrations into digestible takes his avocation. A A A A A A A A A A A A The chief point of this survey is to derive penetration in the chief methodological and statistical patterns that influenced Negotiation and made manner for possible spreads and tradeoffs. Because of the deficiency of decisive penetrations on the procedural patterns and tendencies there s a possibility that research workers are incognizant of the possible unsighted musca volitanss and tradeoffs that may restrain its farther development. Our chief purpose is to place the procedural displacements and forms that took topographic point in a dialogue research over the past five decennaries, and to place where dialogue research us headed in footings of tradeoffs being made. We will research the chief patterns and possible spreads within the countries of dialogue behaviour. We besides hope to supply sufficient penetrations and recommendations on some of the major methodological struggles in the field. A A A A A A A A A A A A It supports the seminal theory in a sense that it deepens or continues the theory itself. This survey tries to see what the possible spreads are in a dialogue state of affairs. Hawes, L. ( 2002 ) .A Negotiation TheoryA and Method.A James Holbrook Law.1-2.A A A A A A A A A A A A A He graduated from Macalester College in the twelvemonth 1966, while in the 1970 he already earned his Phd in Communication and Organizational Studies at the University of Minnesota. He was besides the manager of the Organizational Communication Research Institute at Ohio State University and since 1980 he has been a professor of Communication at the University of Utah. In the twelvemonth 1990, he founded the Conflict Resolution Certificate Program which is a Program that trains 34 professional negotiants and go-betweens in an intensive year-long class at the University of Utah.A He has written and published a batch in his academic calling on subjects runing from communicating theory and pattern, to organizational struggle declaration, to corporate difference declaration, problem-solving, decision-making and duologue. A A A A A A A A A A A A The procedure and merchandise of Negotiation is Communication. As a communicating procedure, dialogue takes topographic point in several generic signifiers ; distributive, integrative and transformative signifiers. This procedure goes through the system of reciprocality which is a system of taking bends ; this act generates the signifiers of communicating. It involves the 5 subjects of strategic intelligence and tactical inventiveness. In a microscopic sense in each bend you take it fundamentally cultivates your self-mastery, mental manners, vision, workability and integrating. While in a macroscopic sense each procedure, signifier and result is a definite consequence of how these 5 subjects are integrated in and through the bend by bend picks represents the communicating procedure of Negotiation.A A A A A A A A A A A A A This diary supports the seminal theory in a sense that they both agree that in Negotiation communicating is present. Two parties need to set down a via media, although in this diary it focuses more on the different generic signifiers of dialogue. A Action-Assembly Theory A Seminal Work: Greene, J. ( 1984 ) . A cognitive attack to human communicating theory: An action assembly theory.A Communication Monographs, 51, 289-306. John Greene was born in Portsmouth, Virginia in 1954.A A He is presently aA Professor of Communication and the module Associate for Center for Aging and the Life Course at Purdue University. His survey chiefly focuses on the Development and Initial Tests of an Action Assembly Theory. Along with Capella they pioneered AAT to turn to a contention over the presence of temporal beat in self-generated address. He won dozenss of awards and awards such as Outstanding Scholarly Edited Book Award in Applied Communication Division and National Communication Association in the twelvemonth 2005, identified as one of the top 100 most productive research workers in the field of Communication during the period 1915-2001, received Charles H. Woolbert Research award in the Speech Communication Association in the twelvemonth 1994, recognized as being among the most often cited writers in Communication and he was identified as one of the top three per centum of most active communicating research worker s in a survey of publication records performed by module members at the University of Miami. A A A A A A A A A A A A The Action Assembly Theory is aA communicating theory that focuses on theA psychologicalA and societal influences on human action. This theory describes the creative activity of behaviour in two critical procedures: the retrieval of methodological Factors from your memory, and forming these factors for the formations of an end product representation of the action to take Griffin, E. ( 2008 ) .A A First Look at Communication Theory.A New York: McGraw-Hill. A Em Griffin is a professor at Wheaton College since 1970. When he was in the University of Michigan he achieved a unmarried man s grade in Political scientific discipline and while he was in Northwestern University he achieved a Ph.D. and M.A. in Communication. John Greene s AAT explains the mental procedure I went through to bring forth the message that the audience eventually heard. He described the nexus between knowledge and behaviour, like how ideas are transformed to actions or wish fundamentally how we put together what to state. Green said that the production of behavior involves two procedures foremost is the retrieval of procedural elements and second is the organisation of these elements to organize an end product presentations of action to be taken. We construct our actions from our procedural records ; which are personal pieces of the truth about our past behaviour stored for possible usage. The specific end can be an action, feeling, or belief. Harmonizing to AAT the more procedural record has been exercised the stronger it gets. A He supports the seminal theory because in this literary work he portions his ad-lib experience in giving a talk about John Greene s Action Assembly Theory. So he chiefly merely explains to a unrecorded audience what the AAT is all about. Stork, S. , A ; Schubbo, A. ( 2010 ) . Human knowledge in manual assembly: Theories and applications.A Advanced Engineering Informatics.A 320-327. Retrieved July 10, 2010 from Science Direct A A A A A A A A A A A A Dr. Sonja Stock is an Allgemeine und Experimentelle PsychologyA from theA Department Psychology in Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat MunchenA in Germany. While Anne Schubbo is a senior lector of Experimental Psychology UnitA from the Department PsychologieA in the same university. A A A A A A A A A A A A Human knowledge is studied with regard to assorted cognitive psychological science findings and theories. This describes the effects of undertaking complexness and demands on both mental overload and undertaking public presentation. Compared to field surveies one of the advantages of a theory-based attack is the possibility of power over all of import influencing factors.A A In this survey it we have to do up for manual assembly to the development of an assistive system. So far there are no extended researches on the cognitive procedures in production environments have been conducted. The information processed in a manual assembly involved the whole field of cognitive maps from attending, attending and memory to action planning and executing. This can be used to split the complete assembly rhythm into relevant processing phases. A A A A A A A A A A A A This journal entry supports the seminal theory in a manner that they conducted a new survey based on the original theory A A A A A A A A A A A Whaley, B. and Samter, W. ( Ed. ) . ( 2007 ) .A Explaining Communication: Contemporary theories and exemplars.A New Jersey: A Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Bryan B. Whaley works at the University of San Francisco as an helper professor in the Department of Communication, while Wendy Samter works at the University of Dela-ware as an associate professor in the Department of Communication. This theory focuses on the indispensable procedures of thought and making. It is cognitive theory this it seeks to explicate complex phenomena in its simplest manner. It besides explains how people generate significances and bring forth verbal and non-verbal behaviours that carry some relation to those significances in a manner that they describe how the head carries out activities.A Its two cardinal procedures are Activation and Assembly and the three constructions which are procedural records, unitized assemblies and end product presentation. This journal entry supports the seminal theory because they both proved that the AAT is a complex cognitive procedure that explains how ideas can be made into actions. A A A Active-Theory of Television Viewing A Seminal Work: Anderson, D. R. , and Lorch, E. P. ( 1979 ) . A Theory of the Active Nature of Young Children s Television Viewing. Society for Research in Child Development. 1-19. A A A A A A A A A A A A Daniel Anderson and Elizabeth Lorch presented this to the Society for Research in Child Development in the twelvemonth 1979. Their research and probe is used as the theoretical preparation in which kids s telecasting screenings are seen as a transactional procedure. A A A A A A A A A A A A One of the common misconceptions about telecasting screening is that it is proof a kid is a common victim of telecasting is that when a kid sits in a slightly dark room he or she softly gazes at the Television screen for an sum of clip. Television is besides perceived as addicting ; one time kids are exposed they can neer halt. But so the general cognitive developmental theory focuses in the active nature of kids s inactive knowledge. The thought of the theory is that when a kid positions telecasting they are stand foring their ain active cognitive minutess with the environment, sing that there are besides active elements beside inactive elements to TV screening. It is that from this experience a kid learns how to develop schemes of Television screening which is portion of their involvement in understanding what they are watching. In one of our surveies between kindergartner s ocular attendings to Television plans ; kids who have other activities divide their attending between the telecasting and that other activity. While a kid who has no alternate activity gives out full attending in the Television. A The longer a kid regard at the telecasting screen the more he/she will maintain looking. The kid s attending is hence locked with the telecasting. While the longer a kid has looked off from the Television it is more likely that he or she will non look back any longer. The decision of this research is that foremost a kid s attending to telecasting is greatly influenced by its environment ; second is the understandability of the Television plan which is determines whether a kid will stay its attending. Third is that inactiveness works to keep looking at the Television every bit good as non looking. Lastly is that properties of the telecasting service to obtain, keep, keep, and end looking at the Television. A A A A A A A A A Foster, E. M. , A ; Watkins, S. ( 2010 ) .A The Value of Reanalysis: Television Viewing and Attention Problems.A Child Development.81. 368-371. A A A A A A A A A A A A Both E. Michael Foster and Stephanie Watkins teach Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health at the University of Carolina. This survey suggests that sing telecasting is associated with attending shortage upset ( ADD ) . Our end is to reconsider whether small inside informations are important to the alterations in theoretical account specification at ages 1 and 3. And the effects of another hr of day-to-day telecasting to attending jobs are rather little. We re concerned with the analyses that involved household factors that may hold an consequence with telecasting observation. These analyses involved assorted factor such us background features of the female parent ; like academic excellence, and income. Poverty position covers a household s ability to purchase necessities which are really critical for a successful development. It might besides be a factor on how much a kid is allowed to watch telecasting. Unobserved factors are impossible to mensurate, although they are accounted for in estimation.A On manner involves fixed-effects appraisal, this method has been used for developmental analyses. This met hod allows kids to hold their ain intercept. It implies that telecasting screening may cut down attending jobs although was non statistically important. Our analyses proved two things ; one is that the nexus between early telecasting screening and its hazard of holding attending jobs is merely important in 10 % of kids who watches 7 or more hours of telecasting daily. This diary entry merely supports a few parts of the seminal theory. It says here that an excess hr of day-to-day telecasting merely creates a elusive sum of job and that there are different factors that may impact the negative deductions of Television screening among kids. A A Newcomb, H. ( 2004 ) . Encyclopedia of Television: Second Edition, Volume 1. New York: Taylor and Francis Group. A A A A A A A A A A A A He published the first edition of the book entitled ; Television: The Critical View in the twelvemonth 1976. He is besides a professor of Telecommunications at the University of Georgia. His chief profession in learning focal points on screenwriting and telecasting surveies. A A A A A A A A A A A A This theory focuses to turn out that attending is related to comprehension. For illustration when a kid tickers something that is designed for kids attending is turned to that content. On the other manus when stuff is no long comprehensible or distractions occur attending is hence deflected. The diary supports the seminal theory because it agrees that telecasting can instantly catch the attending of kids. Stanley, B. and Davis, D. ( 2009 ) .A Mass Communication Theory: Foundation, Ferment, and Future, 5thEdition.A Boston: WadsworthA Cengage Learning A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Stanley Baran earned his PH. D. at the University of Massachussets in communicating research after antecedently taking his M.A. in news media at PSU ( Pennsylvania State University ) . Previously he was in charge of the Radio-TV-Film section alumnus plan and while there he won dozenss of learning awards. He presently he teaches in Bryant University and he is presently the establishing president of the school s communicating section. While Dennis K. Davis teaches mass communicating theory, new media literacy, international communicating, research method and political communicating at Pennsylvania State University. He is besides tenured as a professor at Cleveland State University, Southern Illinois University and the University of North Darkota. He besides served as the editor of the Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media by Broadcast Education Association. A A A A A A A A A A A A Active theory of Television screening shows that kids are both reactive and inactive. It views the audience that they are actively and consciously seeking to understand the content of what they are watching. A This theory focuses on its cognitive nature. Beyond 2 A? old ages old your ocular attending to the telecasting additions but so subsequently on degrees of on your school age old ages. Once ocular attending increases it reflects on your cognitive development. A A A A A A A A A A A A It journal supports the seminal work because they both explained that a kid is both reactive and inactive in footings of Television Viewing. Extra Beginning: Biographic Statements of Active Participants. ( 2005 ) . Retrieved July 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.feem-web.it/cp05/05bio_car.html Dr. Sonja Stork. Retrieved July 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.psy.lmu.de/exp/people/ma/stork/index.html E. Michael Foster: Professor of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health. ( 2005 ) . Retrieved July 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unc.edu/~emfoster/ Emory A. Griffin. Retrieved July 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ivpress.com/cgi-ivpress/author.pl/author_id=478 Horace Newcomb in conversation with Tara McPherson. ( 2008 ) . Retrieved July 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/2/xmlpage/4/article/320 Lector in Environmental Policy and Economics. ( 2009 ) . Retrieved July 2010, fromhttp: //www2.lse.ac.uk/geographyAndEnvironment/whosWho/profiles/cmarchiori @ lseacuk.aspx Marc Buelens. Retrieved July 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lannoo.be/content/lannoo/wbnl/listview/1/index.jsp? auteurcode=427 Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment, and Future, International Edition, 5th Edition. ( 2009 ) . Retrieved July 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cengage.com/asiahed/instructor.do? isPrint=true A ; product_isbn=9780495567066 A ; disciplineName=Mass % 20Communication A ; disciplinenumber=3119 A ; product_isbn=9780495567066 A ; codeid=5B8E A ; courseid=MSC04 PD. Dr. Anna Schubo . Retrieved July 8, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.psy.lmu.de/exp/people/ma/schuboe/index.html SGOBBI ALESSANDRA. Retrieved July 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.feem.it/getpage.aspx? id=296 A ; sez=People Stanley J. Baran. ( 2006 ) . Retrieved July 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mhprofessional.com/contributor.php? cat=115 A ; id=30628 Steven Mestdagh. Retrieved July 13, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lannoo.be/Content/lannoo/wbnl/listview/1/index.jsp? auteurcode=1789 The Dialogics of Conversation: Power, Control, Vulnerability. Retrieved July 12, 2010, from www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/11909

Texas Tech Acceptance Rate: What Does it Take to Get In?

A large research university located in Lubbock, Texas, Texas Tech University offers 150 undergraduate courses of study across 13 schools. Just what does it take to get in? Here’s what you should know. In order to apply to Texas Tech, you’ll need to submit your: *SAT and ACT are superscored . Texas Tech does not require the writing supplement for either test. Students who meet the following criteria are guaranteed admission into Texas Tech: If you do not meet the assured admissions requirements, Texas Tech â€Å"strongly suggests† responding to Essay Prompts A and/or B listed in the essay prompts and submitting three recommendations. Although these application components are not required, you should submit them unless you meet the criteria for assured admission. Texas Tech University recommends that applicants complete the Foundation Curriculum with the Distinguished level of achievement as outlined by the Texas Education Agency . Students who receive automatic admission on the basis of being in the top 10% of their graduating high school class must present a Distinguished diploma. The recommended high-school curriculum is as follows: Language Arts (4 Credits) English I, II & III Advanced English Course Options include English IV, Creative Writing, Humanities, & Advanced Journalism Mathematics (4 Credits) Algebra I Geometry Algebra II Advanced Math Course Options include Precalculus, AQR, AP Statistics & Engineering Mathematics Science (4 Credits) Biology IPC or Advanced Science Two advanced Science Courses Options include Chemistry, Physics, Forensic Science, & Astronomy Social Studies (3 Credits) U.S. History U.S. Government (.5 credit) Economics (.5 credit) World Geography or World History Foreign Language (2 Credits) Both credits must be the same language Note: Some programs have additional foreign language requirements Physical Education (1 Credit) Fine Arts (1 Credit) Electives (6 Credits) With an acceptance rate of 69.2%, Texas Tech is somewhat selective. The average GPA for admitted students in 2.85. The middle 50% of SAT and ACT scores for the freshman class are 1158-1240 and 22-27, respectively. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Texas Tech notes that it evaluates applicants based on their: While the overall admissions rate signifies that admissions are not as competitive at this university compared with some of its peers, you should keep in mind that some programs, such as the Honors College, are more rigorous and have lower acceptance rates than others. You should also bear in mind that not only can your test scores and GPA guarantee you admission into Texas Tech, but they can also qualify you for scholarships that significantly reduce your college costs. â€Å"Most students have an identity, an interest, or a talent that defines them in an essential way. Tell us about yourself.† This makes it clear that Texas Tech looks for curious, passionate students. In your essay and other areas of your application, you should demonstrate a talent that sets you apart and displays your innovation and creativity. Perhaps you’re a creative writer and will demonstrate that through both writing-related extracurricular activities and a dynamite essay. Or maybe you’re a star oboe player. Whatever your hook is, make sure it’s obvious on your application. â€Å"What was the environment in which you were raised? Describe your family, home, neighborhood, or community, and explain how it has shaped you as a person.† While many colleges seek out a diverse student body, Texas Tech goes a step further by asking you to consider how your roots have shaped your identity. This should be a cohesive theme throughout your application: how your community—in whatever way you define it—has contributed to your identity as a person. You might, for example, describe your unique upbringing, being very close to members of your extended family, or participating in your religious or cultural community. Keep the assured admissions criteria in mind. If you meet the assured admissions criteria, Texas Tech can be a secure safety school for you. Otherwise, you will need to put extra effort into the other aspects of your application, such as your essays. Texas Tech provides tips to follow , and you should read ours as well. You should also send teacher recommendations and ensure that your extracurricular profile is strong to make up for weaker grades and test scores. Being denied admission to any college, particularly one of your top choices, is disappointing. Still, it’s important to take a step back and regroup. If you get rejected from Texas Tech, here’s what you can do: Take a gap year or transfer in. If you had your heart set on Texas Tech or received bad news from the other colleges on your list, one option is to take a gap year and reapply next admissions cycle. If you do decide to go this route, make sure you have a productive plan for the year. You might undertake a research project, volunteer, study to improve your SAT scores, or take classes at another college. You can also matriculate at another college and transfer to Texas Tech. As with first-year admissions, the university has assured transfer admission criteria (applicable to your college GPA and credits): Transferable Hours GPA Requirements 12-23 hours 2.50 cumulative   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   24 or more hours 2.25 cumulative Individual schools and majors within the university have additional assured transfer admissions criteria: Architecture: 3.0 GPA Biology, Cell & Molecular Biology, Microbiology: 2.5 GPA Business: 15 hours + 2.75 GPA Community, Family & Addiction Sciences: 2.5 GPA Engineering: 24 hours + 3.0 GPA Honors College: 3.5 GPA Human Development & Family Studies: 2.5 GPA Interior Design: 2.7 GPA Kinesiology/Sport Management: 2.5 GPA Note that if you don’t meet these requirements, Texas Tech will evaluate you based on other criteria. Keep it in perspective. Even if TTU was your top choice, chances are, you’ll find a way to make a college that did accept you work. College really is what you make of it, and if you put effort into adjusting to another school by joining clubs, working hard in your classes, and cultivating a social life, you’ll likely find that you can make a fulfilling college experience for yourself, even if you end up at a college that wasn’t your top choice. When you sign up for our program, we carefully pair you with the perfect admissions specialist based on your current academic and extracurricular profile and the schools in which you’re interested. Your personal application specialist will help you with branding, essays, and interviews, and provide you with support and guidance in all other aspects of the application process.

The European Emissions Trading Scheme - A Critical Appraisal Essay

The European Emissions Trading Scheme - A Critical Appraisal - Essay Example The scheme also featured a ‘flexible’ arrangement where Member States created their own National Allocation Plans. Further on, the report looks into the aspects of the Emissions Trading Scheme in a comparative manner that is, the intention at the beginning, actualization stages and the present state. The main aspects include its boundary where at first the scheme focused on power generating companies and those that use energy-intensive operations that is, metal producing companies and oil refineries. The other aspect is extension where the EU Emissions Trading Scheme has formed links with other schemes through emissions-saving projects through two key mechanisms. Third world countries that have a compulsory cap-and-trade system and they have ratified the Kyoto Protocol have also formed links with the EU scheme. This has seen the carbon market expand to a global reach. Finally, there is the calculation aspect that presents three different models for calculating carbon dio xide emissions. Lastly, a breakdown of the issues has come into play since the inception of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. ... Introduction Having no prior experience with cap and trade as well as the need to develop knowledge along with architecture for the program, the European Union set out to begin with only carbon dioxide and a restricted number of sectors. This is following the established Kyoto Protocol that was created with the aim of averting hazardous human-induced interference to the climate system. As soon as the infrastructure was in place, additional greenhouse gases and sectors could be included in successive phases of the program. This would come into effect depending on any further emissions that needed to be reduced. Over time, a carbon price that is widely accepted in Europe was instituted, businesses embarked on including the price in their decision-making and the market infrastructure for a multi-national trading system came into existence (Ellerman, Perthuis and Convery 2010,p.2). The principal design of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme follows that all manufacturing sectors that are par ticularly energy-intensive and electricity generators are obligated to get a permit from regulators for every tone of carbon dioxide that they release. The first phase of the Scheme, taking place from 2005 to 2007, saw the permits being issued free based on companies’ historical emission levels. The second phase, taking place from 2008 to 2012, saw generators of electricity having to purchase some of their permits from auctions organized by the government; while, industrial companies continue to get their permits for free subject to some tightening of targets in acknowledgement of the risk of hurting their competitiveness. The third phase, taking place from 2013 to 2020, will see all permits being auctioned with the exception of particular manufacturing sectors that

White House Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

White House Architecture - Essay Example One of the most famous buildings in the history of mankind is the American White House. The construction of the landmark house started by simple laying of the foundation stone in October 13, 1792, and was devoid of any ceremony as was the case to state constructions. The foundations and the main residence were built by black American laborers, slaves and other professionals from the larger European continent. Most of the construction work was carried out by immigrants who had not yet gained citizenship status. The sandstone walls of the white house were the work of Scottish immigrants under the employment and supervision of Hoban. According to Seale (2008), he was also responsible for the construction of the garland decorations and high relief rose that are found on the upper part of the north entrance. The pattern resembling fish scale constructed under the pediments of the window hoods were also carried out by the Scottish immigrants. Architectural composition of the white house Th e initial construction of the white house took a period of eight years at a estimated value of about $232,371.83. Even though the white house was not complete by then, it was partially ready for state functions as at November of 1800. The construction of the white house was marred by shortages of labor as well as raw materials hence forced the engineers to alter the original plan as was constituted by Pierre Charles L'Enfant, a French engineer for the building to be a place, which was to be more than five times of what was settled for. The completed structure of the building therefore contained two central floors as opposed to the original plan of three floors. The lining for stone facades was done by cost-effective bricks and when the construction was completed the porous sandstone walls were effectively coated with a mixture of casein, lime, rice glue, and lead thus offered the house its fundamental name and color. The architectural composition of the White House was magnificently designed, thus the main facade of the White House with the north front having eleven bays and three floors. The ground floor of the house is intentionally hidden by a parapet and a carriage ramp thus somehow raised hence the facade gives a fall picture of two floors. The main three bays are located behind what is called a prostyle portico, which was an addition effected latter (Fazio, W.M & Snadon, A.P , 2006). The windows fitted on the four bays at the first flour flanks the portico, which are segmented and pointed pediments. The pediments at the second flour are flat flat. When one looks at the main entrance there are two striking architectural work, thus there is a lunette fanlight erected at the centre of the portico and above the entrance is found a sculpted swag. It is also noticeable that roofline is characteristically hidden from view by a balustraded parapet. The southern facade mansion presents a combination of the neoclassical and Palladian styles of architecture. It has three floors that are highly visible. The ground floor is unique in the sense that it has been rusticated in regard to the Palladian style of architecture. The facade’s centre is marked by a neoclassical projecting bow supported by three bays. The bow is substantially flanked by 5 strong bays. The windows located towards the north of the facade have alternating pointed as ell as segmented pediments at the first floor. The bow also has a ground floor fitted with a double staircase that leads to what is known as a Doric colonnaded loggia thus leads to the south portico, also known as Truman Balcony located at second floor. The third floor which looks more modern is also hidden by a balustraded parapet and essentially plays no meaning role in the facade composition (Fazio & Snadon, 2006). The side walk has also been included in the buildings design and usage; it was very significant as it served as a queuing bay for the numerous pilgrimages to the

Personal Ethics in Nursing Essay Example for Free

Personal Ethics in Nursing Essay Ethics is the discipline that waits in the wings as a health-restoring resource when moral guidelines fail to do the job alone. Ethics provides a language, along with methods, and tools for evaluating the components of personal, societal, and group morality to create a better path for yourself and others. Some of its most important uses are to clarify, organize, and critique morality to highlight what does and does not fit in a particular situation (Purtilo, 2011). A nurse cultivates personal ethics through personal, cultural, and spiritual values which becomes a moral compass for their professional ethics. Personal ethics in combination with the code of ethics often assist the nurses in personal and social decision making during ethical dilemma. This ability prompts them to better respond to needs of the suffering patient and their own well-being. Nursing ethics shares many principles with medical ethics such as beneficence, non-maleficience, and respect for autonomy. Nursing ethics however, can be distinguished by its emphasis on relationships, collaborative care and human dignity, because the health care climate is regularly changing, as is our society, it is crucial that nurses have a grounded understanding of ethics (Ward, 2012). Born in a middle-class Christian family from South India, the strict traditional values helped to embed the concept of service through family and friends who taught me trust, respect, integrity, and responsibility for my education and beliefs. One of my major spiritual values that kindled the concept of service within me is â€Å"do unto others as you would have them do unto you† which is found in the Bible. At an early age I started to practice this concept by not only self-respect for myself but mainly treating others with respect. Individuals may build their moral values from listening to their parents, grandparents, religious beliefs, friends, books, their local societal values and even watching television. Moral values and enthusiasm help an individual to understand one’s accountability to their profession to deliver harmless, a compassionate work atmosphere. This empowers nurses to raise their self-confidence in their profession. Maintaining the existing responsibilities in the nursing field is vibrant to assist patients, families, and the general public. Our ethnic standards play a big role in nursing life. Nurses however should not be judgmental of patient’s beliefs and force their own beliefs in patient care. Hospitals under Joint Commission are responsible for addressing and maintaining patient’s privileges. These privileges include the accommodation; divine, mystical, particular Cultural values and follows while providing care to patients from diverse faiths. Nurses must have reverence and not put down the patient’s faith and values, and provide care consistently. Being acquainted with a variety of different cultures, languages, and religions influence worldly views and nursing decisions in providing culturally sensitive care. The traditional spiritual and cultural morals along with diverse worldviews became the directorial moral compass to take the right decision on behalf of the patients and personal life and empowered to improve the confidence and capability as a nurse. Values, Morals, and Ethics are often thought of as interweaved and to have the same denotation when each of solely have a different meaning for themselves. Values are one’s fundamental beliefs developed from childhood through family and society. Morals are values that attribute to a system of beliefs. Values are the language that has evolved to identify intrinsic things a person, group, or society holds dear. Not all values are moral values either. For instance, some things are cherished for their beauty, novelty, or efficiency they bring to our lives (Purtilo, 2011). When values, morals, and ethics of nurse influence his or her professional conduct, it often tips to conflicting situation in one’s nursing practices. For example, the topic of abortion is frowned upon when looked at from a spiritual Christian standpoint. When a nurses’ spiritual doctrine is against abortion, it would be against their moral to assist in decision making to abort the baby even when the fetus is deformed, thus arising an ethical dilemma between personal values and coming to an ethical conclusion on aborting the baby. Hospital management may develop a strong Code of Ethics in order to help regulate and maintain a professional atmosphere for nurses so that their decision making will be easier when they incur ethical dilemmas. A Code of Ethics not only serves as a guideline for nurses but also sets a standard for them to abide by. Being in the nursing field my tasks vary from caring, communicating, teaching, bedside care, and even advocating therefore the likelihood of ethical dilemmas are inescapable. Thus far I haven’t been faced with any major ethical dilemmas that would violate my spiritual doctrines that I uphold. Most commonly the ethical dilemmas I’ve seen care providers face are usually due to religious and spiritual backgrounds of the patient. Some religions do not support induced death by humans and nurses may have trouble supporting the patient and family about cases like abortion. Although it is the individual’s right to make decisions about their bodies, the religious values do not allow one to be apart of the procedure. Therefore when I’ve been in minor ethical dilemmas while being a care provider I go by what is medically and ethically correct. Nurses are an important element of the health care field because their decisions along with commitment play an essential role for the welfare and safety of humanity. If their decision making is based on personal, cultural, and spiritual values then at times they may be faced with an ethical dilemma. In situations where they’re beliefs may be tested, nurses are expected to either follow the Code of Ethics set out by their management or they should be professional and do what is medically right in order to deliver quality care.

The Cycle of Evil in Shakespeares Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Cycle of Evil in Hamlet In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare illustrates how revenge can ravage one’s mind. Revenge, put in simple terms, is an act of inflicting harm or injury in return for a wrong. [Obvious?] Both Hamlet and Laertes vowed to seek revenge for the murders of their fathers. In doing so, they weren’t making right what was once wrong, but instead they were returning the same evil that had been inflicted upon them. Revenge isn’t good or sweet when it is in fact evil continuing to repeat itself. William Shakespeare helps bring this point to the forefront by using the Ghost of King Hamlet as a foil to Hamlet. The Ghost is used to give Hamlet someone to talk to in order to understand him more. These two characters both express their revulsion of Gertrude’s marriage to Claudius. [You need to cite from the text here, particularly for the Ghost.] Also, both King Hamlet and Hamlet were brought to their deaths at the hands of poison, although King Hamlet had the poison poured in his ear by Claudius while sleeping. On the other hand, Hamlet was poisoned with the point of Laertes’s rapier during their duel. The Ghost brings about two different perspectives of Hamlet. First, Hamlet can be viewed as a loyal son. Hamlet is prepared to avenge his father’s murder before the identity of the murderer was made. [He is?] After the Ghost reveals Claudius as his murderer, he demands that Hamlet does not punish Gertrude in seeking revenge against Claudius. Hamlet doesn’t get revenge against Claudius until his mother dies after drinking the poison in the cup that was originally intended for Hamlet to drink. [Ergo, does he get revenge for his father, or for his mother?] On the other hand, Hamlet doesn’t necessarily fulfill his father’s wishes. Although unintended, Hamlet â€Å"punishes† Gertrude by slaying Polonius before her eyes. Thus evil deeds were to continue to repeat themselves. [I don't see the repetition here.Which "evil deeds" are you referring to?] Another character used as a foil to Hamlet was Laertes. Both Hamlet and Laertes had endured the lose [loss] of their fathers at the hands of a murderer. Both character[s] sought revenge for these murders. Laertes immediately wanted to kill Hamlet for his crime, expressing how he would cut his throat in the church. The Cycle of Evil in Shakespeare's Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework The Cycle of Evil in Hamlet In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare illustrates how revenge can ravage one’s mind. Revenge, put in simple terms, is an act of inflicting harm or injury in return for a wrong. [Obvious?] Both Hamlet and Laertes vowed to seek revenge for the murders of their fathers. In doing so, they weren’t making right what was once wrong, but instead they were returning the same evil that had been inflicted upon them. Revenge isn’t good or sweet when it is in fact evil continuing to repeat itself. William Shakespeare helps bring this point to the forefront by using the Ghost of King Hamlet as a foil to Hamlet. The Ghost is used to give Hamlet someone to talk to in order to understand him more. These two characters both express their revulsion of Gertrude’s marriage to Claudius. [You need to cite from the text here, particularly for the Ghost.] Also, both King Hamlet and Hamlet were brought to their deaths at the hands of poison, although King Hamlet had the poison poured in his ear by Claudius while sleeping. On the other hand, Hamlet was poisoned with the point of Laertes’s rapier during their duel. The Ghost brings about two different perspectives of Hamlet. First, Hamlet can be viewed as a loyal son. Hamlet is prepared to avenge his father’s murder before the identity of the murderer was made. [He is?] After the Ghost reveals Claudius as his murderer, he demands that Hamlet does not punish Gertrude in seeking revenge against Claudius. Hamlet doesn’t get revenge against Claudius until his mother dies after drinking the poison in the cup that was originally intended for Hamlet to drink. [Ergo, does he get revenge for his father, or for his mother?] On the other hand, Hamlet doesn’t necessarily fulfill his father’s wishes. Although unintended, Hamlet â€Å"punishes† Gertrude by slaying Polonius before her eyes. Thus evil deeds were to continue to repeat themselves. [I don't see the repetition here.Which "evil deeds" are you referring to?] Another character used as a foil to Hamlet was Laertes. Both Hamlet and Laertes had endured the lose [loss] of their fathers at the hands of a murderer. Both character[s] sought revenge for these murders. Laertes immediately wanted to kill Hamlet for his crime, expressing how he would cut his throat in the church.

Financial Case

By choosing the correct projects to participate in, Target Corporation can continue their growth and competitiveness in the retail Indus try. Executive Summary Target was first founded in 1 962, opening their first store in Roseville, Imines tot. The store was designed to differentiate themselves from the existing upscale store sees in the area. The company's idea flourished and by 2005, Target became a major retailing pop rouses, recording revenues of over $52 billion from stores located in 47 different states.One of the main reasons Target was able to become as successful as they are, is the idea of focusing o the shopping experience as a whole, and not just focusing on lower prices compared to thee r competitors. By embracing this idea, Target has been able to successfully attract their target d anemographic, a medaled, collateralized female, with children. In today's market, Target faces 2 main competitors: Walter and Cost. Wall Mart operates their stores similar to how Target's stores are operated, and their SST ores are generally in competing areas of another.Walter focuses on driving their prices as low a s possible, creating a very small profit margin on their items, but makes a large profit du to their large 1 amount of sales. Cost is a warehouse retailer that charges a membership f e in order to receive their discounted prices. The company relies heavily on these fees, as they ma eke up 72. 8% of operating income. Cost attracts many of the same customers Target attract s, but the companies are generally not in the same locations.Targets Capital Expenditure Committee is made up of top executives who me et monthly to review all capital project requests costing more than $100,000. This commit tee could approve any and all projects, unless the projects were worth more than $50 million an in this case, the project would need approval from the board of directors. If the project involve sees openings new location, a real estate manager, located in that speci fic geographic area, was r expansible for the proposal and presentation Of the proposal. The committee uses different fact Ores when analyzing the capital project requests.The factors are: NP and AIR, the size and cost of the project, the effect this project has on other Target store's sales, store sensitivities, variance e to prototype, customer demographics, and the impact it has on the Target brand. By care Ely analyzing each of these factors and locations, we were able to come up with a decision for EAI chi location. Analysis and Recommendations The first project we will discuss is the Gopher Place location. The proposal is f or $23 million to build a POP Target Store. This location has a very strong NP and IR R in terms to the expense of the project.With the prototype NP achievable with sales of 5. 3% below R & P forecast, we would expect this store to be financially stable. The size of the pr Eject is reasonable, and with the strong NP and AIR the cost should be redeemed. The biggest factor against this location is the centralization of sales from preexisting Target stop rest. In this location, there are five Target stores already established and plans of two Inc miming Walter 2 Superstores. 19% of our sales are expected to come from existing Target stop rest in the area, not benefiting the corporation.This location has a relatively small population, thou ugh they have been experiencing the largest population growth of the five projects. Only 12 % of the population fits our target demographic of adults with 4+ years of college education. The median salary is also on the higher end of the remaining projects and does not fit our target d anemographic. This location doesn't bring any new brand awareness to the Target brand and is go inning into a very crowded area of competition. The Whalen Court project is by far the most expensive project, costing $1 19. Million to build a unique, one floor Target store. This project has a project NP of $25. 9 million and an AIR of 9. 8%. With the large amount of investment, the NP and AIR figures AR .NET necessarily that strong but are still positive and could see growth. This is by far the large SST size project, with the largest expense by far. The expense alone makes us worried about the pr Eject. There are currently 45 other stores in the area, but this store would be the only one in a n urban center off major metropolitan area.This location would not have a major impact on Sal sees from other Target stores, but could take away customers from competitors that are cure .NET in the Metropolitan area. The population of 632,000 is by far the largest population and 45% of them fit our demographic of collateralized adults. This location also brings a nun queue branding and advertising advantage and the expense could be balanced against the brand wariness. The Barn is a proposal for a POP store costing $13 million and can reach its NP V with sales 18. 1% below the projected. The small investment allow s for a large return run, even if sales fall below the projected.There are no other Target stores in the area and the strong population of 3 151 ,OHO people fits our target median income. This project should have been passed already if it weren't for a disagreement with the developer. Soldiers Square is a project for a Supermarket costing $23. 9 million. In order t o achieve the forecasted NP and AIR of $300,000 and 8. 1 % respectively, sales would en d to be at 45. 1% above the forecasted sales level. The area is largely populated with other rate leers and currently 12 Target stores, with plans of building another 12.

Assignment Instructions Complete A Chart Showing Essay

Complete a chart showing how the First Amendment impacted a landmark Supreme Court Case. You will explain what the case was about and identify two current cases relating to this amendment. Amendment I – Freedoms, Petitions, Assembly Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Which landmark case will you use to as your primary example? Visit the Bill of Rights Institute Landmark Supreme Court Cases or do quick webs search to find a case. Note: use search terms like â€Å"landmark cases amendment 1† Brown v. Board of Education What is the landmark case about & how was this amendment upheld? Please respond in three to four complete   This was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. The decision overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision of 1896, which allowed state-sponsored segregation, to the extent of how it applied to public education. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Warren Court’s unanimous decision declared that â€Å"separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.† As a result by right, racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause to the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This ruling forced the people of the United States to abolish segregation and integrate with each other no matter what race you are. This ended up being a major victory of the civil rights movement. List two current court cases relating to this amendment. Do a quick web search for current court cases. Note: These cases must be from the last five years. 1. state of Florida versus George Zimmerman (2012) George Zimmerman was tried for the murder   Black teenager Trayvon Martin out of self defense. The Court Ruled George Zimmerman not guilty because he had pictures of a broken nose and a few other items that acquitted him of his charges. The reason I chose this case to relate to the Fourteenth Amendment is because people thought he killed Trayvon because Trayvon was black. This would be bringing us back to segregation. 2. Christian Legal Society v. Martinez (2010) The court ruled that a student organization at a public university was not free to limit their members to those who shared their belief system if that resulted in discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.

Research plan Essays

Research plan Essays Research plan Paper Research plan Paper In the past six to seven month I have been trying to learn some healthy eating habits and that’s is why I chose healthy eating as my topic of interest. I started by asking myself questions like how can I ask my children to eat their veggies when I don’t. Little did I know that the main question was how healthy eating helps my physical, mental and social health? I first looked into my family history and notice that we have a problem of obesity. When I researched the CDC (center of disease and control prevention) I noticed the high percentage of obesity in America. Obese can lead to so many diseases and can even lead to death. My goal is to educate myself and other on a few easy ways to eat healthy and maintain the habits. What is your general topic or area of interest? Healthy eating. What is it about your general topic of interest that interests you? It is something I am trying to take an approach on for my children and myself. What questions do you have about the topic that you would like to investigate? List them. 1. How does healthy eating affect your physical, mental and social health? 2. How can healthy eating affect one’s health? 3. How can healthy eating prevent obesity? 4. How do I make healthy eating a habit 5. Is healthy eating the same as going on a diet? Would any of the questions you listed about the topic make a good subject for a research paper? Pick or adapt one question and make it into a research question. How does healthy eating affect your physical, mental and social health? Why do you think this research question is appropriate for a research paper? This question explores the main aspects of why we should eat healthy. It will concentrate on physical, mental and social health which are all part of the seven dimensions of wellness. How is your research question significant or relevant to a wider community? 68.8% of adults are overweight or obese; 35.7% are obese. 31.8% of children and adolescents are overweight or obese; 16.9% are obese. What background information provides the preliminary grounds for your research? I come from a family that suffers from overweight and obesity problems. It is also a very unhealthy family many diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes and cancer. This is something that I have been dealing with for a few months trying to keep myself and my children healthy. What are some expert or authoritative sources of information on this research question? The FDA, Food and drug administration and CDC Center of disease and control prevention What type of materials will you need to review for your research paper? I will do my research online based on the FDA and CDC. Along with personal pieces of information. What procedures will you follow to conduct your research? Gather sources, Evaluate sources, and Utilize sources by writing down quotations, summaries, and paraphrases to use in my paper and keeping track of the sources by using APA formatting standards. Then I will create a full-sentence outline logically organizing the information in my outline to defend my thesis in the strongest manner possible. Gather sources, Evaluate sources, and Utilize sources by writing down quotations, summaries, and paraphrases to use in my paper and keeping track of the sources by using APA formatting standards. Then I will create a full-sentence outline logically organizing the information in my outline to defend my thesis in the strongest manner possible. What difficulties do you anticipate in conducting your research? Personal problems, family member and work

Law - Mock Exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Law - Mock Exam - Assignment Example The two parties did not choose this method because of their friendship. They were friends and both were unable to go file a lawsuit. Their friendship was too strong to allow them to choose this method. Litigation would take a very long time to solve their case and they would lose even more time and resources. They had already lost enough and wanted to solve their dispute in the shortest time possible. Formal methods of dispute resolution are much slower than the informal ones. They take more time to resolve disputes due to increased cases that are filed every day in the formal sector. This makes it difficult for the few resources available to solve the many cases filed. The formal methods of dispute resolution are more costly than the informal methods. They require professionals who need to be paid dearly. The informal methods do not necessarily use professionals. This makes them a bit affordable and less costly for many people as compared to formal methods. The formal dispute resolution methods are open to everyone while those of the informal system are not open. All the details of a formal system of dispute resolution are read out loudly for everyone to hear even if one or both of the parties involved might not like it. In the informal sector things are done privately and only information that both parties want to be open will be open. The formal sector’s decision is final and binding but gives room for appealing. The informal sector’s decision is not final and neither is it binding. The two parties accept the decision only if they are comfortable with it. The formal methods give final decisions and do not care about the views of the individual parties. On the road through Dubai the driver lost control of the van and crashed into a Taxi causing injuries to two people, one Egyptian tourists and the driver of the taxi. The accident

Business stat project Statistics Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business stat - Statistics Project Example Summary statistics on customers’ age identifies highest statistics with Cadillac whose mean is for example 61 and Lincoln’s mean follows this at 59.5 years. Median and mode values follow the same trend across the organizations and this supports the hypothesis that Cadillac has retained control of the older population. Cadillac also reports the lower standard deviation for the customers’ ages to show that the ages are concentrated around the mean, 61 years. Ages for other companies’ customers however have higher standard deviations, with Mercedes and Lexus reporting the highest respectively, to indicate that the companies command a wider customer base in terms of age. Customers for Mercedes have the highest mean for household income (182287) and mean for Lexus’ customers (156134.8) follows this while Cadillac reported the lowest mean (108095.7). The trend is further consistent with medians to establish reliability. Standard deviation for Cadillac is further the lowest (15436.95) and this shows that its products are limited to households with lower incomes that the other companies. Descriptive statistics for number of years of education also identifies Cadillac with the lowest mean (12.86) and Mercedes with the highest mean (17.2). Modes and medians follow the same trend to establish reliability. Further, Cadillac reported the lowest standard deviation and this shows that its customers are limited to lower number of education years. The following graphs shows distribution of age, household income, and years of education for the customers for the five motor vehicle companies and are consistent with the descriptive statistics’ results. Data analysis shows that Cadillac’s market is limited to older people, people with low household income, and people with lower education years. Unlike its competitors that transverse across market segments, by these variables, Cadillac appears restricted to